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Team Project Name                                  4.The movement disorders produced by MSA mice

            Building a new hope for treating multiple system     and MSA patients can be effectively improved by
                                                                 RS-D7/RS-D7pro drug in our studies.
            atrophy using transdisciplinary approach: from     5.Both intravenous injection and oral gavage of
            NMDA receptor modulators, preclinical models, to     RS-D7 showed therapeutic effect in MSA/ataxia
            clinical trials                                      mouse models.
            Research Project                                   6.RS-D7 has multiple indications and it can be
            Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare, adult-      used as a drug with multiple benefits.
            onset, fatal, and progressive neurodegenerative    7.RS-D7 has obtained a number of domestic and
            disorder. The onset of MSA generally occurs          foreign intellectual property, and is exclusively
            between the 5th to 6th decade of life, and the       authorized to the Yoda Pharmaceutical Inc. It has
            mean survival time from the onset of symptoms        passed the U.S. FDA orphan drug qualification
            is 8 to 10 years (average 9 years). However, the     (ODD) review in July, 2022. And the first phase
            etiology and underlying neuropathophysiological      of clinical trials of new drugs was launched in
            mechanisms of MSA remain much unclear and            October, 2024.
            whose treatment is not addressed adequately by     Key Words
            current available therapy. MSA is still an unmet
            medical need. Previous studies suggest that the    multiple system atrophy (MSA), unmet medical
            α-synuclein  aggregation  and  NMDA  receptor      need, neurodegenerative disorder, transdisciplinary
            hypofunction play vital roles in the pathogenesis   approach, NMDA receptor modulator, preclinical
            of MSA. D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) inhibitor is    models, clinical trial, neural network chip,
            now of great interest for the treatment of MSA. Our   exosomes, transcranial electrical neurostimulation,
            inter-institutional research team has developed and   cognitive functions, digital biomarkers, D-amino
            studied RS-D7, a novel DAO inhibitor, since 2014.   acid oxidase (DAO) inhibitor, new drug
            Findings from our team and labs indicate that RS-  development, RS-D7/YA-101
            D7 is a powerful DAO inhibitor which facilitate    Global Cooperation
            NMDA receptor functions and alleviate observed     New drug testing, mechanism of action (MOA),
            MSA-related motor deficits in animal models        exosome analysis, RNAseq, bio-chip development
            and a proof-concept clinical trial. These results   etc.
            support the involvement of NMDA receptors in the
            pathogenesis of MSA and therapeutic potential of   Project Web Page
            RS-D7 in the treatment of MSA. The innovation      ● Laboratory of Integrated Neuroscience and
            and technical advancement of RS-D7 includes the    Ethology
            following:                                         ● English introductory website for our clinical study
            1.RS-D7, a NCE and a novel DAO inhibitor, has a    and experiments
              great potential to be a first-in-class drug for the
              treatment of MSA.
            2.RS-D7 has a very good safety profile and is
              suitable for long-term use.
            3.RS-D7 demonstrated the inhibition of DAO and
              inflammation in our preclinical models.

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